References

1

J. Bear, J. Dowding, and E. Shriberg. Integrating multiple knowledge sources for detection and correction of repairs in human-computer dialog. In Proceedings of the 30th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 56-63, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, June/July 1992.

2

J. J. Godfrey, E. C. Holliman, and J. McDaniel. SWITCHBOARD: Telephone speech corpus for research and development. In Proceedings IEEE Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, volume I, pages 517-520, San Francisco, March 1992.

3

P. Heeman and J. Allen. Detecting and correcting speech repairs. In Proceedings of the 32th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 295-302, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, June 1994.

4

R. Isotani and S. Matsunaga. A study of handling filled pauses in statistical language modeling. In Proc. Acoustical Society of Japan, pages 81-82, 1994. [In Japanese].

5

S. M. Katz. Estimation of probabilities from sparse data for the language model component of a speech recognizer. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 35(3):400-401, March 1987.

6

C. H. Nakatani and J. Hirschberg. A corpus-based study of repair cues in spontaneous speech. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 95(3):1603-1616, 1994.

7

D. O'Shaughnessy. Correcting complex false starts in spontaneous speech. In Proceedings IEEE Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, volume I, pages 349-352, Adelaide, Australia, 1994.

8

K. Ries, 1995. Personal communication.

9

E. E. Shriberg. Preliminaries to a Theory of Speech Disfluencies. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 1994.